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The definitive step-by-step setup guide of Windows 10 Pro in a Proxmox VE 7.1 VM
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Following the PVE installation superguide, in this guide we will cover the Windows 10 Pro installation in a VM on PVE.
FW = Firewall
HAOS = Home Assistant Operating System
VM = Virtual Machine (KVM)
PVE = Proxmox Virtual Environment (VE)
WAC = Web Admin Console (the web browser GUI to administer PVE nodes & clusters or HA hosts)
Visit Microsoft WIndows 10 Download.
Click Download tool now.
Go to your downloads folder and run (double-click) MediaCreationTool21H2 (in the future the name will change as new versions pop up).
Click Accept.
Select Create installation media and click Next.
If you are running this utility from a Windows 10 PC it will make the selection automatically based on your system settings.
If you want to change something untick Use recommended options, change what you want and click Next. We definitely require a 64-bit (x64) Architecture.
Select ISO file and click Next.
I suggest you save the Windows.iso file in the Downloads folder of your PC.
Downloading starts, wait until complete.
When download complete click Finish.
We now need to upload this ISO into PVE, by visiting the PVE WAC - https://192.168.0.253:8006.
Click Upload.
Click Select File, select the Windows.iso from the Downloads folder and click Open.
Click Upload.
Uploading starts.
If everything completed with no errors, close the Task viewer.
Right click on the Node (pve-253) and select Create VM.
I assume you are installing Windows to run an app or for a specific purpose. I suggest you provide a short descriptive name to the VM you are creating, like in our example below (Win10-BlueIris). Tick Start at boot if you want this VM to automatically start when PVE is started.
Select the Windows ISO image and the rest of the options as you see them in the screenshot below.
Select System options as you see them below. In a future post I will explain what the different options mean.
Reason for above choices stated below:
Select Disk options as per below screenshot. Select IDE or SATA for the Bus/Device (IDE might have slightly better compatibility, while SATA might have slightly better performance depending on underpinning hardware), then change the Disk size to suit your needs.
Reason for above choices stated below:
Select CPU options as per screenshot below. Blue Iris requires at least 4 CPU Cores, while Windows 10 with no or "lite" apps installed can run on 2 CPU Cores only.
Select Memory options as per screenshot below. Blue Iris requires at least 4 GB, while Windows 10 with no or "lite" apps installed can run on 2 GB only.
Select Network options. You can disable the FW option as Windows has its own FW, although the PVE FW option is good to have active as it applies cascaded FW rules from Cluster -> Node -> Guest each providing its own ring fencing.
Reason for above choices stated below:
If satisfied with the selections, DO NOT tick Start after created and click Finish.
Wait until the VM (Win10-BlueIris) has been created, then go to the VM >_ Console.
Right click on the Guest VM 103 (Win10-BlueIris) and select Start.
The system will start and very quickly you need to press any key on the keyboard so the installation starts, otherwise installation will timeout and fail, and the only way to recover is by Stopping the VM (DO NOT use any other option like Shutdown).
If you were fast you should get the Windows Setup screen. Select you preferences and click Next.
Install Now.
Click I don't have a product key.
Windows 10 Pro -> Next
Select Custom
Click Next
Windows installation starts. Once finished it will restart automatically. Wait patiently while Windows does its thing.
Select your region.
Select keyboard layout.
Skip or add keyboard layout.
Set up for personal use.
Offline account.
Limited experience.
Select a local account name.
Choose password.
Confirm password.
You will be asked 3 times to answer a different security question each time. Type something you can remember in case you forget the password.
Disable all options.
Skip.
Once you logged into Windows, apply all updates until no more updates available. Reboot as many times as necessary. How many and what type of updates you get is dependent on region and language.
You might have noticed your display area is small. Let's fix that. For our purposes I will assume the PC you are running on is capable of 1920x1080@60Hz (1080p).
Restart Windows.
When you see the below screen press the Esc key on your keyboard to access the UEFI BIOS.
Select Device Manager.
Select OVMF Platform Configuration.
Change Preferred from 640x480 to 1920x1080.
Commit Changes and Exit
Press ESC to exit.
Select Reset. VM will reboot with 1080p resolution.
If there is interest I might create a guide how to configure Windows. One option I always recommend uninstalling is Internet Explorer. Follow on if you will.
Go to Control Panel. Click Search then type Con and click on Control Panel.
Select Small Icons.
Click Programs and Features.
Click Turn Windows features on or off.
Untick Internet Explorer 11 and answer Yes when asked (zero issues if you remove).
Restart.
You can run Windows without issues even if it is not activated. The one thing you will not be able to do is Personalisation. I assume you will not be running Windows in a VM as your primary desktop and therefore activation should not matter much.
My next guide will be installing Windows 11. Stay tuned and carry on computing.
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